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Normal head circumference range

What counts as normal depends on age and sex. Here are the typical ranges from newborns to adults.

Head circumference percentile calculator

Sex

Enter the head circumference to see the percentile.

Data: WHO Child Growth Standards (0 to 24 months) and CDC growth charts (24 to 36 months).

Normal range for babies and toddlers

For children up to 36 months, the normal range is usually taken as roughly the 3rd to the 97th percentile of the growth charts. For boys and girls together, that is about 31.5 to 37 cm at birth, 42 to 48.5 cm at 12 months and 44.5 to 51 cm at 24 months.

Normal range for children and adults

After age three, head growth slows. A typical 8-year-old head is about 52.5 cm, still 4 to 5 cm short of adult size. Adult men typically measure 55 to 60.5 cm and women 53 to 59.5 cm.

Normal range for children and adults
AgecmInchesUS
Preemie 25 – 32 9.8 – 12.6 –
Newborn 32 – 36 12.6 – 14.2 –
0 to 3 months 35 – 40.5 13.8 – 15.9 –
3 to 6 months 39.5 – 43.5 15.6 – 17.1 –
6 to 12 months 42 – 47 16.5 – 18.5 –
Toddler (1 to 2 years) 45 – 49 17.7 – 19.3 –
2 to 4 years 47.5 – 51 18.7 – 20.1 –
5 to 8 years 50.5 – 53 19.9 – 20.9 6 ⅜ – 6 ⅝
9 to 12 years 52 – 55.5 20.5 – 21.9 6 ½ – 7
Teen 54 – 58 21.3 – 22.8 6 ¾ – 7 ¼
Adult woman 53 – 59.5 20.9 – 23.4 6 ⅝ – 7 ½
Adult man 55 – 60.5 21.7 – 23.8 6 ⅞ – 7 ⅝

When to ask a doctor

  • A measurement below the 3rd or above the 97th percentile.
  • A measurement that crosses two major percentile lines between checkups.
  • Fast head growth together with other symptoms, such as vomiting, a bulging soft spot or unusual sleepiness.

How to measure your head

  1. 1 Use a soft tape measure, or a string and a ruler.
  2. 2 Wrap it around your head where the hat will sit: about 1 cm (⅜ in) above your ears and across the middle of your forehead.
  3. 3 Keep the tape level and snug, not tight. Do not pull it in.
  4. 4 Read the number where the tape overlaps. Measure two or three times and use the largest value.
  5. 5 Type the number into the calculator, or find it in the chart.
How to measure

Frequently asked questions

What is the normal head circumference for a 1 year old?

About 42 to 48.5 cm (16.5 to 19.1 in) for boys and girls together. The WHO median is 46.1 cm for boys and 44.9 cm for girls.

Is a small head always a problem?

No. Many healthy children have a small head, especially if a parent does. Doctors look at the growth pattern and development, not a single number.

What is a normal adult head circumference?

About 55 to 60.5 cm for men and 53 to 59.5 cm for women.

Related charts

All charts